What site is known as the location for protein synthesis?

The site known for protein synthesis is the ribosomes. Ribosomes are cellular structures that facilitate the translation of messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains, which then fold into functional proteins. Ribosomes can be found either freely floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, which is then referred to as rough ER.

During the process of protein synthesis, ribosomes read the sequence of codons in the mRNA and assemble corresponding amino acids in the order dictated by that sequence. This is a crucial step in expressing genetic information as proteins are responsible for carrying out functions essential to life, including structural roles, catalyzing biochemical reactions, and regulating biological processes.

Other organelles mentioned have distinct functions that do not include direct protein synthesis. The mitochondria are primarily involved in energy production (ATP), the nucleus houses and protects genetic material, and the Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles.