What is the term used for a cell that gives rise to gametes such as eggs and sperm?

The term for a cell that gives rise to gametes, such as eggs and sperm, is germ line cell. These cells are specifically responsible for the production of gametes through a process called gametogenesis, which includes meiosis. Germ line cells differentiate into either ova or sperm, depending on their location and the biological sex of the organism.

In contrast, somatic cells are any cells in the body that are not involved in reproduction; they make up the majority of an organism's tissues and organs. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can give rise to various cell types, but they do not specifically lead to gametes. Multipotent cells are a type of stem cell that can give rise to a limited range of cell types, but they are not exclusively responsible for gamete production. Thus, the germ line cell designation specifically highlights the role of these cells in sexual reproduction.