What is the primary outcome of macroevolution?

The primary outcome of macroevolution is the development of new species or groups of species. Macroevolution refers to large-scale evolutionary changes that occur over geological time, leading to the origin of new species and significant evolutionary trends. This process encompasses speciation events where populations of organisms diverge to the point that they can no longer interbreed, resulting in the formation of distinct species. Macroevolutionary changes may also lead to the emergence of new genera, families, and higher taxonomic levels, illustrating its importance in the broader context of the tree of life.

While genetic variation within a species is important for evolution, it primarily drives microevolutionary changes, not macroevolution. Similarly, modification of phenotypic traits within a population refers to adaptations and changes at smaller scales. An increase in the number of individuals in a population pertains to population dynamics rather than macroevolutionary trends. Hence, the focus on the development of new species captures the essence of macroevolution.