What is the primary consequence of the greenhouse effect?

The greenhouse effect primarily leads to the heating of the Earth's surface. This process occurs when certain gases in the Earth’s atmosphere, known as greenhouse gases, trap heat from the sun. These gases include carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor, among others. When sunlight reaches the Earth's surface, some of it is reflected back into space, while the rest is absorbed, warming the planet. The greenhouse gases then re-radiate this heat, keeping the lower atmosphere and surface warmer than they would be otherwise.

This natural process is crucial for maintaining temperatures suitable for life on Earth. However, human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels, have increased the concentration of these greenhouse gases, enhancing the greenhouse effect and leading to a rise in global temperatures, which is associated with climate change and environmental impacts. Understanding the role of the greenhouse effect in heating the Earth's surface is essential for comprehending broader ecological and climate dynamics.