What is a common example of evolutionary adaptation?

Beak shape variations in finches serve as a classic example of evolutionary adaptation because they illustrate how physical traits can evolve to enhance survival and reproductive success in specific environments. The different shapes and sizes of finch beaks have adapted to fit particular diets available in their habitats on the Galápagos Islands. For instance, finches with stronger, thicker beaks can crack open tougher seeds, while those with finer beaks are better suited for eating insects or softer fruits. Over time, natural selection favors individuals whose beak shapes are most advantageous for the available food resources, leading to a diversification of beak shapes that correlate with dietary preferences. This phenomenon demonstrates the process of adaptation, where species undergo changes that improve their chances of survival in their ecological niches.