What genetic condition is associated with trisomy?

Trisomy refers to the presence of an extra chromosome in a person’s cells, resulting in a total of 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46. Down syndrome, specifically, is commonly associated with trisomy 21, meaning there is an extra copy of chromosome 21. This genetic condition leads to a range of physical and developmental challenges, including distinct facial features, cognitive impairment, and an increased risk for certain health issues.

Understanding Down syndrome in the context of trisomy highlights the importance of chromosome number and the impact it has on an individual's traits and health. Other conditions listed, such as Turner syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome, involve abnormalities in the number of sex chromosomes rather than autosomal chromosomes, while Edward syndrome involves trisomy 18. This distinction clarifies why Down syndrome is effectively identified as a condition associated with trisomy.