What does a "cold desert" biome primarily consist of?

The "cold desert" biome is characterized by extreme temperatures and low precipitation, which defines its arid environment. Unlike typical deserts, which are hot and dry, cold deserts experience significant temperature fluctuations, with cold winters and cooler summers. The lack of moisture in this biome limits vegetation and supports a specialized range of flora and fauna that can survive in such challenging conditions.

The limited rainfall typical of a cold desert, often less than 250 mm (10 inches) annually, means that plants and animals must have adaptations for water conservation. Consequently, this biome tends to feature sparse vegetation, primarily consisting of drought-resistant species. The unique climate influences the type of life that can thrive here, leading to specialized ecosystems distinct from those found in more humid environments.

Options that mention warm, moist conditions, high biodiversity, dense forests, and heavy rainfall do not align with the characteristics of a cold desert. These descriptors are more representative of different biomes, such as tropical rainforests or temperate forests, which have abundant moisture and diverse life forms. Thus, the defining trait of the cold desert biome is the combination of extreme temperatures and minimal precipitation.